Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
Published on: September 7, 2022
A 70-year-old man with intraoperative hypoxia and hypotension during total hip replacement
Mariam A Alansari1, Ahmed A Abdulmomen1
1From the Department of Adult Critical Care Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
A 70-year-old man underwent total hip replacement surgery under general anesthesia, endotracheal intubation, and controlled ventilation, with the patient in left lateral position. Intraoperatively, the patient was hemodynamically stable, with a normal range of pulse, ECG trace, oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (Spo2), and end-tidal CO2 (etco2). Five minutes after insertion of the hip prosthesis, his heart rate dropped to 30 beats/min, BP to 40/30 mm Hg, Spo2 to 70%, and etco2 to 10 mm Hg.
Related Concept Videos
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Hypoxia
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview
Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:

