Fundamentals of chronic pain in children and young people. Part 2

Paula A Forgeron1, Jennifer Stinson

  • 1School of nursing, University of Ottawa, Canada.

Insights

Chronic pain in children requires a multidisciplinary approach. Nurses are vital in managing pain and its effects, utilizing various assessment and intervention strategies for better coping.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Healthcare
  • Pain Management
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Chronic pain affects many children, leading to significant physical and psychological issues.
  • Unlike acute pain, chronic pain in children is often underrecognized by healthcare professionals.
  • A holistic, multidisciplinary treatment approach is essential for managing pediatric chronic pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss assessment strategies for chronic pain in children.
  • To review pharmacological and psychological interventions for pediatric chronic pain.
  • To explore self-help programs and school-based strategies for pain management.

Main Methods:

  • This article is the second part of a series, building upon previous discussions of pain prevalence and physiology.
  • It focuses on practical strategies for assessment and intervention.
  • The content includes pharmacological, psychological, and self-management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Effective management requires a comprehensive approach integrating various therapeutic modalities.
  • Nurses play a crucial role in supporting children and families.
  • Specific strategies for sleep and school management are detailed.

Conclusions:

  • Recognizing and addressing chronic pain in children is critical.
  • Multidisciplinary care, with active nursing involvement, improves outcomes.
  • Empowering children and families with self-management tools is key.

Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
3.1K
Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
28.3K
Pain01:20

Pain

Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
2.0K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
891
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
7
Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance01:24

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

Primary motives such as sleep, sex, and pain avoidance are crucial drivers of behavior in humans and animals. These motives ensure survival, reproductive success, and overall well-being by prompting actions that meet essential bodily needs.
Sleep is a fundamental physiological drive that fosters a state of restfulness crucial for several bodily functions. It facilitates body restoration, the process by which the body repairs, rejuvenates, and maintains itself during sleep, including memory...
7.9K