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Enuresis in children: a case based approach.

Drew C Baird1, Dean A Seehusen2, David V Bode2

  • 1Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood, TX, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enuresis, or bed-wetting, affects millions of children. Effective treatments include behavioral changes, alarms, and medication, with urologist referral for complex cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Urology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Enuresis is common in children, affecting 5-10% of seven-year-olds.
  • Pathophysiology involves sleep arousal difficulties, increased nighttime urine production, or reduced bladder capacity.
  • Associated conditions include constipation, sleep apnea, diabetes, and psychiatric disorders.

Observation:

  • Initial evaluation requires history, physical exam, and urinalysis.
  • Identifying and treating associated conditions is crucial.
  • Primary monosymptomatic enuresis management starts with behavioral modifications.

Findings:

  • First-line treatments for enuresis are bed alarm therapy and desmopressin.
  • Treatment choice depends on child's age, voiding patterns, and family preferences.
  • Referral to pediatric urology is necessary for refractory cases or secondary enuresis with specific complications.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and management of enuresis can improve child and family quality of life.
  • Addressing underlying conditions is key to successful enuresis treatment.
  • Personalized treatment approaches, considering child and family factors, are essential for optimal outcomes.