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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Occupational anaphylaxis--an EAACI task force consensus statement.

A Siracusa1, I Folletti, R Gerth van Wijk

  • 1Formerly professor of Occupational Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

Allergy
|November 6, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Occupational anaphylaxis (OcAn) is a serious allergic reaction caused by workplace triggers like insect stings or latex. Prompt identification of triggers and avoidance are key to preventing future severe reactions.

Keywords:
anaphylaxisdrug allergylatexoccupational allergiesvenom and insect allergy

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe systemic allergic reaction.
  • Occupational anaphylaxis (OcAn) is triggered by workplace exposures.
  • Common OcAn triggers include Hymenoptera stings and natural rubber latex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define occupational anaphylaxis and its characteristics.
  • To outline diagnostic and management strategies for OcAn.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on occupational anaphylaxis.
  • Analysis of common triggers, mechanisms, and clinical presentations.

Main Results:

  • OcAn mechanisms are typically IgE-mediated.
  • Work-related exposure factors influence symptom variability.
  • Diagnosis requires confirmation of anaphylaxis and trigger identification.

Conclusions:

  • Prevention through allergen avoidance is crucial.
  • Emergency management plans and adrenaline auto-injectors are essential for affected workers.
  • Immunotherapy is reserved for Hymenoptera sting-induced OcAn.