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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy to Measure Intracellular Zinc Pools in Mammalian Cells
Published on: May 16, 2019
Bioavailability of metal ions and evolutionary adaptation
Rolando P Hong Enriquez1, Trang N Do2
1International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34151 Trieste, Italy. rolando.hong@gmail.com.
Abstract:
The evolution of life on earth has been a long process that began nearly 3,5 x 109 years ago. In their initial moments, evolution was mainly influenced by anaerobic environments; with the rise of O2 and the corresponding change in bioavailability of metal ions, new mechanisms of survival were created. Here we review the relationships between ancient atmospheric conditions, metal ion bioavailability and adaptation of metals homeostasis during early evolution. A general picture linking geochemistry, biochemistry and homeostasis is supported by the reviewed literature and is further illustrated in this report using simple database searches.
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