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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)02:30

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells
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Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells

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Update on non-canonical microRNAs.

Ahmed Maher Abdelfattah, Chanhyun Park, Michael Y Choi

    Biomolecular Concepts
    |November 6, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Non-canonical microRNAs, distinct from canonical ones, have unique maturation pathways and diverse origins. Their emerging roles in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis are highlighted.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Non-canonical microRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently identified class of regulatory molecules.
    • They share structural and functional similarities with canonical miRNAs but possess distinct biogenesis pathways.
    • Their origins are diverse, including introns, snoRNAs, endogenous shRNAs, and tRNAs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the distinct maturation pathways of non-canonical miRNAs.
    • To discuss the emerging functional characteristics of non-canonical miRNAs.
    • To explore the potential roles of non-canonical miRNAs in cellular processes and disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of recent discoveries in non-canonical miRNA research.
    • Comparative analysis of canonical and non-canonical miRNA biogenesis.

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    Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

    Identifying Targets of Human microRNAs with the LightSwitch Luciferase Assay System using 3'UTR-reporter Constructs and a microRNA Mimic in Adherent Cells
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  • Synthesis of functional data and pathogenetic implications.

    • Main Results:

    • Non-canonical miRNAs bypass typical miRNA maturation steps.
    • They are implicated in crucial cellular functions like immune response and stem cell proliferation.
    • Deregulation of non-canonical miRNAs is linked to pathological conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Non-canonical miRNAs represent a significant area of molecular biology with implications for health and disease.
    • Further research into their biogenesis and function is warranted.
    • Understanding non-canonical miRNAs may offer new therapeutic targets.