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Related Concept Videos

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Diurnal Rhythms in Autophagic and Proteasomal Flux
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Rhythmic degradation explains and unifies circadian transcriptome and proteome data.

Sarah Lück1, Kevin Thurley1, Paul F Thaben1

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Biology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.

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|November 7, 2014
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Circadian rhythms regulate gene expression, but timing discrepancies suggest mRNA and protein degradation are key. A new theory explains these rhythms, revealing 30% of transcripts involve post-transcriptional regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Chronobiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cellular circadian output influences thousands of genes across various cell types.
  • Genome-wide studies of transcriptome and proteome have yielded enigmatic results regarding temporal peak abundances.
  • Discrepancies exist between transcript peak abundances and gene-expression activity timing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of circadian degradation of mRNAs and proteins in setting their peak times.
  • To establish theoretical principles for understanding circadian biomolecule dynamics.
  • To unify explanations for circadian transcriptome and proteome data.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a theoretical framework describing amplitudes and phases of biomolecules with circadian half-lives.
  • Application of the theoretical framework to explain existing circadian transcriptome and proteome studies.
  • Estimation of the proportion of circadian transcripts affected by rhythmic posttranscriptional regulation.

Main Results:

  • The developed theoretical framework successfully explains circadian transcriptome and proteome studies.
  • The theory accounts for instances where transcripts or proteins appear before increased production rates.
  • Approximately 30% of circadian transcripts in mouse liver and Drosophila heads are influenced by rhythmic posttranscriptional regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian degradation of mRNAs and proteins is crucial for establishing their peak times.
  • A unifying theoretical framework can explain complex circadian gene expression dynamics.
  • Rhythmic posttranscriptional regulation significantly impacts circadian transcript levels.