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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Prostatic surgery associated acute kidney injury.

Elerson Carlos Costalonga1, Verônica Torres Costa E Silva1, Renato Caires1

  • 1Elerson Carlos Costalonga, Verônica Torres Costa e Silva, Renato Caires, James Hung, Luis Yu, Emmanuel A Burdmann, Department of Nephrology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil.

World Journal of Nephrology
|November 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Acute kidney injury (AKI) poses risks for patients undergoing urological procedures. This review examines AKI incidence, risk factors, and outcomes following prostate surgery, emphasizing transurethral resection of the prostate syndrome and rhabdomyolysis.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryProstate cancerProstatectomyProstatic hyperplasiaRhabdomyolysisTransurethral resection of the prostate

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is linked to prolonged hospitalization, mortality, and chronic kidney disease progression.
  • Urological disease patients face elevated AKI risk due to obstructive uropathy, age, and pre-existing kidney conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the epidemiology, risk factors, outcomes, prevention, and treatment of AKI in prostatic surgery.
  • To highlight the mechanisms of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome and rhabdomyolysis (RM) post-prostatectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on AKI associated with prostatic surgeries.
  • Focus on identifying specific risks and outcomes related to common procedures like TURP and radical prostatectomy.

Main Results:

  • While severe AKI after prostate surgery is uncommon, specific complications like TURP syndrome and RM are documented.
  • Data on the precise incidence and outcomes of postoperative AKI in urological procedures remain limited.

Conclusions:

  • Prostate surgery carries risks of AKI, particularly TURP syndrome and RM, necessitating further research into prevention and management.
  • Understanding AKI mechanisms in this patient group is crucial for improving surgical outcomes and patient care.