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Researchers measured the ratio of B(+) decays to K(+)mu(+)mu(-) versus K(+)e(+)e(-). This precise measurement aligns with Standard Model predictions, offering insights into fundamental particle physics.

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Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics

Background:

  • The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics successfully describes fundamental particles and their interactions.
  • Deviations from SM predictions in rare B meson decays could indicate new physics beyond the SM.
  • The ratio of branching fractions for B(+) → K(+)μ(+)μ(-) and B(+) → K(+)e(+)e(-) decays (R(K)) is sensitive to New Physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely measure the ratio of branching fractions for the decays B(+) → K(+)μ(+)μ(-) and B(+) → K(+)e(+)e(-).
  • To test the lepton flavor universality predicted by the Standard Model.
  • To search for evidence of new physics phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV.
  • Analyzed data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1).
  • Focused on the dilepton invariant mass squared range of 1 < q(2) < 6 GeV(2)/c(4).

Main Results:

  • Measured the ratio of branching fractions R(K) = Γ(B(+) → K(+)μ(+)μ(-)) / Γ(B(+) → K(+)e(+)e(-)) to be 0.745 ± 0.090 (stat) ± 0.036 (syst).
  • This represents the most precise measurement of R(K) to date.
  • The measured value is compatible with the Standard Model prediction within 2.6 standard deviations.

Conclusions:

  • The precise measurement of R(K) provides stringent constraints on potential new physics scenarios.
  • The result supports the lepton flavor universality predicted by the Standard Model.
  • Further data and analysis are needed to definitively confirm or exclude New Physics contributions.