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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

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Ectopic thyroid tissue in the head and neck: a case series.

Croce Adelchi1, Pugliese Mara, Laus Melissa

  • 1Department of Medical Oral Sciences, and Biotechnology, Section of Otolaryngology, "G, D'Annunzio" University, Chieti - Pescara, Italy. acroce@unich.it.

BMC Research Notes
|November 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Ectopic thyroid tissue presents diversely, affecting the tongue base, submandibular region, or thyroglossal duct. Surgical intervention is recommended for symptomatic or concerning ectopic thyroid tissue, potentially necessitating thyroid hormone replacement.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare congenital anomaly.
  • This condition can manifest in various locations, including the neck and base of the tongue.
  • Understanding its diverse presentations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • Case 1: A 45-year-old woman with lingual ectopic thyroid presenting with dysphagia and a tongue base mass.
  • Case 2: A 22-year-old woman with a submandibular mass containing ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • Case 3: A 33-year-old man with a thyroglossal duct cyst histologically confirmed to contain thyroid tissue.

Findings:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue exhibits polymorphous clinical presentations.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and histological analysis.

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  • Associated symptoms include dysphagia and neck masses.
  • Implications:

    • Surgical treatment is indicated for ectopic thyroid tissue causing airway obstruction, infection, or malignant changes.
    • Removal of ectopic thyroid tissue, if it's the sole thyroid source, can lead to hypothyroidism requiring hormone replacement therapy.
    • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for patient outcomes.