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Aptamer CaCO3 nanostructures: a facile, pH-responsive, specific platform for targeted anticancer theranostics.

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Researchers developed a novel aptamer-functionalized calcium carbonate nanostructure (apt-CCN) for cancer theranostics. This platform enables targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and imaging for improved cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer theranostics require advanced platforms for targeted drug delivery, imaging, and therapy.
  • Existing platforms often face challenges in drug loading capacity, specificity, and controlled release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional, easily fabricated anticancer theranostic platform with high drug-loading capacity.
  • To investigate the targeting, internalization, and drug release capabilities of the aptamer-functionalized calcium carbonate nanostructure (apt-CCN).

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of aptamer-functionalized calcium carbonate nanostructures (apt-CCNs).
  • Flow cytometry and confocal fluorescence microscopy to assess cell binding and internalization.
  • Evaluation of doxorubicin release in response to lysosomal pH.

Main Results:

  • apt-CCNs demonstrated specific binding and efficient internalization into target cancer cells.
  • The nanostructure selectively targeted lysosomes via receptor-mediated endocytosis.
  • Doxorubicin release was triggered by the acidic environment of lysosomes.

Conclusions:

  • The apt-CCN platform offers a promising approach for targeted cancer therapy and diagnosis.
  • This nanostructure facilitates efficient drug transport and controlled release for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
  • The platform enables targeted delivery of imaging agents for combined diagnosis and therapy.