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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:23

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Translational Regulation01:29

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Non-coding RNAs and respiratory disease.

Pieter Mestdagh1, Jo Vandesompele1, Guy Brusselle2

  • 1Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of cellular processes and disease development. This review highlights ncRNA

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COPD ÀÜ MechanismsCystic FibrosisIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisLung Cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and molecular biology
  • RNA biology
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • The genome contains a vast 'non-coding' region previously termed 'dark matter'.
  • This region is transcribed into various non-coding RNA (ncRNA) species.
  • ncRNAs play critical roles in regulating protein production and fundamental biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide essential concepts of ncRNA science.
  • To emphasize discoveries relevant to pulmonary medicine.
  • To highlight the role of ncRNAs in lung diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific developments in ncRNA research.
  • Focus on microRNAs and long ncRNAs.
  • Emphasis on preclinical and translational evidence in lung diseases.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs form a regulatory layer for organ development, tissue repair, and immunity.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNA networks is linked to various pathological conditions.
  • Evidence increasingly implicates ncRNAs in a spectrum of lung diseases.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are key players in pulmonary health and disease.
  • Understanding ncRNA networks is vital for pulmonary physicians.
  • Future research directions in ncRNA-based therapeutics for lung conditions.