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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
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Emotional verbal fluency: a new task on emotion and executive function interaction.

Katharina Sass1, Karolina Fetz2,3, Sarah Oetken2,3

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Emotional Verbal Fluency, a new task assessing executive functions with emotional words. Healthy subjects showed comparable performance across semantic and emotional categories, with "joy" yielding the best results.

Keywords:
emotionemotion-cognition interactionexecutive functionssemanticverbal fluency

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Verbal fluency tasks assess executive functions.
  • The impact of emotional content on these tasks is under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce and evaluate Emotional Verbal Fluency (EVF) task.
  • Investigate the interplay between emotional words and executive functions.
  • Compare EVF with standard semantic verbal fluency.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy participants (n=21) generated words for semantic categories and emotion-eliciting categories (joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust).
  • A partially computerized task was utilized.
  • Performance was analyzed based on category type and repetition effects.

Main Results:

  • No significant performance difference between semantic and emotional categories in healthy subjects.
  • Greater performance decline in semantic categories compared to emotional categories upon repetition.
  • The emotional category 'joy' yielded the highest performance, suggesting a positivity bias.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional Verbal Fluency is a viable tool for assessing executive functions with emotional stimuli.
  • Both semantic and emotional verbal fluency tasks appear suitable for evaluating executive functioning.
  • EVF shows promise for research in psychiatric populations with emotional and cognitive deficits.