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Efficient Method for Imaging Murine Lungs that Preserves Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Spores in the Airways

Efficient Method for Imaging Murine Lungs that Preserves Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Spores in the Airways

Published on: December 13, 2024

Miliary pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Shane Kelly¹, Deborah Marriott²

¹Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, IBAC, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney 2010, Australia.

Medical Mycology Case Reports

|November 8, 2014

Summary

Disseminated cryptococcosis, a rare fungal infection, can mimic tuberculosis with miliary pulmonary infiltrates in HIV patients. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of this opportunistic infection.

Keywords:

AIDS Cryptococcus HIV Miliary Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice

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Published on: December 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Infectious Diseases
Pulmonology

Background:

HIV-positive individuals are susceptible to opportunistic infections.
Disseminated tuberculosis is a common consideration in HIV patients with pulmonary symptoms.
Pulmonary cryptococcosis typically presents with nodules, not miliary patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To report an unusual case of disseminated cryptococcosis presenting as miliary pulmonary infiltrates.
To highlight the diagnostic challenges in differentiating fungal infections from tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients.
To emphasize the importance of microbiological confirmation in diagnosing pulmonary infections.

Main Methods:

Case report of a 32-year-old HIV-positive male.
Review of chest X-ray and CT imaging findings.
Analysis of transbronchial tissue biopsy, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid cultures.

Main Results:

Initial imaging suggested disseminated tuberculosis due to miliary infiltrates.
Subsequent microbiological results confirmed disseminated cryptococcosis.
Cryptococcus was identified in lung tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid.

Conclusions:

Miliary pulmonary infiltrates are an exceptionally rare presentation of pulmonary cryptococcosis.
Disseminated cryptococcosis should be considered in HIV patients with miliary patterns, even when tuberculosis is suspected.
Accurate diagnosis relies on microbiological identification.