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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Pediatric Humeral Osteomyelitis.

Matthew Street1, Haemish Crawford

  • 1*Department of Medicine, University of Auckland †Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|November 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric humeral osteomyelitis, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment, including antibiotics and surgery. Early recognition of concurrent septic arthritis is crucial for optimal outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Musculoskeletal System

Background:

  • Osteomyelitis is a frequent pediatric concern, with the humerus being the most commonly affected upper limb bone.
  • Limited literature exists on pediatric humeral osteomyelitis, necessitating further research into its clinical course and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively review a large cohort of pediatric humeral osteomyelitis cases.
  • To define the disease and clinical course to improve treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A 10-year retrospective review of pediatric humeral osteomyelitis cases from two major children's orthopedic departments.
  • Utilized the Osteomyelitis Database to identify and analyze patient records from 1997-2008.

Main Results:

  • Forty-nine patients were identified, with a mean age of 4.2 years; Maori and Pacific Islanders were overrepresented.
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen; 53% of patients required surgery.
  • Distal humerus involvement was frequent, and concurrent septic arthritis occurred in 7 cases, associated with higher inflammatory markers.

Conclusions:

  • Humeral osteomyelitis diagnosis relies on clinical presentation and investigations, with awareness of potential septic arthritis.
  • Prompt treatment with antibiotics and surgical intervention when indicated leads to good outcomes.
  • Concurrent septic arthritis requires urgent management and is associated with limb non-use and elevated inflammatory markers.