Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview of DNA Repair

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

Overview of DNA Repair

Overview of DNA Repair

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Intersystem crossing in 5-azacytosine: time-resolved photoelectron and quantum-chemical insights into the effect of aza substitution on cytosine.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same author

The Newton-X platform for mixed quantum-classical dynamics.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same author

The Hidden Routes of DNA Photostability: Charge and Proton Transfer in Excited Cytosine-Guanine Tetramers.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same author

Optimizing photon conversion routes in cinnamate derivatives.

Communications chemistry·2026

Same author

Explainable AI-based analysis of human pancreas sections identifies traits of type 2 diabetes.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Uncertainty Calibration in Molecular Machine Learning: Comparing Evidential and Ensemble Approaches.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity have been key factors in the development of fine organic synthesis. Introduction.

Topics in current chemistry·2016

Same journal

Hypervalent Iodine-Induced Oxidative Couplings (New Metal-Free Coupling Advances and Their Applications in Natural Product Syntheses).

Topics in current chemistry·2016

Same journal

Halogen Bonding in Hypervalent Iodine Compounds.

Topics in current chemistry·2016

Same journal

Phenol Dearomatization with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents.

Topics in current chemistry·2016

Same journal

Preface.

Topics in current chemistry·2016

Same journal

Preface: solar energy for fuels.

Topics in current chemistry·2016

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Advanced Confocal Microscopy Techniques to Study Protein-protein Interactions and Kinetics at DNA Lesions

Advanced Confocal Microscopy Techniques to Study Protein-protein Interactions and Kinetics at DNA Lesions

Published on: November 12, 2017

Photoinduced processes in nucleic acids.

Mario Barbatti¹, Antonio Carlos Borin, Susanne Ullrich

¹Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, barbatti@kofo.mpg.de.

Topics in Current Chemistry

|November 9, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Photoinduced processes in nucleic acids are fundamental to prebiotic studies, cancer research, and photodevices. This review covers key findings and ongoing debates in physical-chemical research on nucleic acid fragments.

More Related Videos

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Published on: March 20, 2018

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Advanced Confocal Microscopy Techniques to Study Protein-protein Interactions and Kinetics at DNA Lesions

Advanced Confocal Microscopy Techniques to Study Protein-protein Interactions and Kinetics at DNA Lesions

Published on: November 12, 2017

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

Published on: March 20, 2018

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Photochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Photoinduced processes in nucleic acids are crucial for understanding DNA damage and repair.
These processes are relevant to fields ranging from origins of life research to medical applications.
The development of novel bioorganic photodevices relies on understanding these phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive survey of research on photoinduced processes in nucleic acids.
To highlight historical milestones and key findings in physical-chemical research.
To discuss current unresolved issues and debates in the field.

Main Methods:

Review of physical-chemical research findings.
Analysis of studies on various nucleic acid fragments (monomers to duplexes).
Historical perspective on significant advancements.

Main Results:

Identification of major milestones in the study of photoinduced nucleic acid processes.
Summary of physical-chemical insights into photoinduced events in nucleic acid structures.
Overview of the current state of knowledge and areas of active investigation.

Conclusions:

Photoinduced processes in nucleic acids are a dynamic and interdisciplinary research area.
Significant progress has been made, but several aspects remain under active debate.
Continued research is vital for advancements in medicine, origins of life studies, and phototechnology.