Component approach to the temporomandibular joint and coronoid process

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• Anatomy

Background:

• Reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) presents significant surgical challenges.
• The standard preauricular incision offers limited access and increases the risk of facial nerve injury due to necessary retraction.
• Optimal TMJ reconstruction requires adequate surgical exposure, protection of neurovascular structures, and favorable aesthetic results.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a novel preauricular posttragal incision technique combined with a superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) flap for TMJ region reconstruction.
• To evaluate the efficacy of this approach in providing wide surgical exposure and minimizing risks associated with conventional methods.

Main Methods:

• A preauricular posttragal incision was utilized.
• A superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) flap was raised to facilitate exposure.
• The surgical approach provided access to the zygomatic arch, TMJ, condyle, and coronoid process.

Main Results:

• The described technique allows for wide exposure of the key anatomical structures of the TMJ region.
• This approach potentially reduces the degree of retraction needed during surgery.
• The incision placement is expected to result in a more inconspicuous scar.

Conclusions:

• The preauricular posttragal incision with SMAS flap is a viable alternative for TMJ reconstruction.
• This method offers enhanced surgical access and improved safety profile compared to traditional approaches.
• The technique holds promise for achieving better functional and aesthetic outcomes in TMJ surgeries.