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Malignant catarrhal fever: inching toward understanding

Hong Li1, Cristina W Cunha, Naomi S Taus

  • 1Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, and.

Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
|November 11, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a lethal infection in artiodactyls. Molecular tools now allow better understanding of sheep-associated MCF (SA-MCF), improving disease management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ruminant Health

Background:

  • Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a severe, often fatal, infection affecting artiodactyls worldwide.
  • Caused by MCF virus group (Gammaherpesvirinae), MCF significantly impacts livestock economies.
  • Wildebeest-associated MCF (WA-MCF) and sheep-associated MCF (SA-MCF) are key epidemiological forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Malignant catarrhal fever.
  • To detail etiological agents, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention strategies.
  • To highlight advancements in studying SA-MCF due to molecular tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MCF.
  • Analysis of molecular tools enabling SA-MCF research.
  • Comparison of WA-MCF and SA-MCF characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Historical MCF research focused on WA-MCF due to in vitro propagation.
  • SA-MCF characterization was limited by the inability to propagate its causative agent in vitro.
  • Molecular advancements have facilitated more definitive studies on SA-MCF.

Conclusions:

  • MCF remains a significant disease in artiodactyls with major economic consequences.
  • Advances in molecular technology are crucial for understanding and managing SA-MCF.
  • A comprehensive understanding of MCF agents, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention is essential for control.
Keywords:
AlHV-1OvHV-2alcelaphine herpesvirus 1gammaherpesvirusovine herpesvirus 2pathogenesisvaccineviral replication

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