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Related Experiment Videos

Eosinophils preferentially use bromide to generate halogenating agents.

A N Mayeno1, A J Curran, R L Roberts

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|April 5, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Human eosinophils use bromide, not chloride, to create brominating agents, even when chloride is abundant. This finding suggests bromide is crucial for eosinophil function in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Human eosinophils and neutrophils are key immune cells involved in host defense.
  • These cells generate active halogenating agents using halide ions and peroxidase enzymes.
  • The preferred halide substrate for these cells at physiological conditions is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the substrate specificity of human eosinophils in generating halogenating agents.
  • To determine whether eosinophils preferentially use bromide or chloride for halogenation.
  • To elucidate the role of eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) in this process.

Main Methods:

  • Stimulated human eosinophils and neutrophils were incubated with varying concentrations of bromide and chloride.
  • The generation of active halogenating species was quantified by trapping with 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene.

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  • The activity of purified eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) and neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPX) was compared in vitro.

    • Main Results:

    • Eosinophils preferentially utilized bromide over chloride to generate brominating agents, despite chloride's higher physiological concentration.
    • Halogen trapping by eosinophils increased significantly with increasing bromide concentration.
    • Oxygen consumption by stimulated eosinophils was substantially directed towards halogenating species generation.
    • The halide specificity observed in intact eosinophils was replicated by purified EPX, indicating it is intrinsic to the enzyme.

    Conclusions:

    • Human eosinophils intrinsically utilize bromide for generating halogenating agents, a process dependent on eosinophil peroxidase.
    • This preferential use of bromide suggests its importance in vivo for eosinophil-mediated functions.
    • A deficiency in bromide availability could impair the ability of eosinophils to produce essential halogenating agents.