Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026

An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
Photoelastic stress analysis in prosthetic implants of different diameters: mini, narrow, standard or wide
Marcelo Coelho Goiato1, Alves Aldiéris Pesqueira2, Daniela Micheline Dos Santos3
1Adjunct Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University -UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil .
Purpose:
This study investigated the biomechanical behavior of screwed partial fixed prosthesis supported by implants with different diameters (2.5 mm; 3.3 mm and 3.75 mm) by using a photoelastic analysis.
Materials And Methods:
Six photoelastic models were fabricated in PL-2 resin as single crowns or splinted 3-unit piece. Models were positioned in a circular polariscope and 100-N axial and oblique (45 degrees) loads were applied in the occlusal surface of the crowns by using a universal testing machine (EMIC). The stresses were photographically recorded and qualitatively analyzed using a software (Adobe Photoshop).
Results:
Under axial loading, the number of fringes was inversely proportional to the diameter of the implants in the single crown models. In the splinted 3-unit piece, the 3.75-mm implant promoted lower number of fringes regardless of loading area application. Under oblique loading, a slight increase of fringes number was observed for all groups.
Conclusion:
The standard implant diameter promoted better stress distribution than the narrow and mini diameter implants. Additionally, the splinted crowns showed a more uniform stress distribution.
Related Concept Videos
Transformation of Plane Stress
Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity
Stress Concentrations
Bearing Stress
Due to the intricacy of these microforces, an average value, known as bearing stress, is often used by...
Circular Shafts - Elastoplastic Materials
As torque on the...

