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Evaluating the coupling between foot pronation and tibial internal rotation continuously using vector coding.

Pedro Rodrigues1, Ryan Chang, Trampas TenBroek

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Runners with anterior knee pain exhibit altered coupling between foot eversion and tibial internal rotation. Continuous analysis revealed distinct movement patterns in injured runners and differences between sexes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Excessive pronation, linked to tibial internal rotation (TIR), is a risk factor for anterior knee pain (AKP).
  • Traditional eversion to TIR ratio (Ev/TIR) lacks continuous assessment and sex-specific analysis.
  • Current methods fail to detect dynamic coupling changes during stance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare eversion and TIR coupling in runners with and without AKP.
  • To investigate sex-based differences in eversion-TIR coupling.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous vector coding versus the Ev/TIR ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized vector coding for continuous analysis of eversion and tibial internal rotation coupling.
  • Compared coupling patterns in runners with (n=19) and without AKP (n=17).
  • Analyzed sex-specific kinematic differences during the stance phase.

Main Results:

  • Runners with AKP showed significant coupling differences (34%-38% stance), with greater TIR than eversion.
  • Sex-based differences in coupling were observed (14%-25% and 36%-47% stance).
  • Males exhibited a proximal-to-distal strategy, while females used a distal-to-proximal strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous vector coding is superior for detecting dynamic coupling alterations in AKP and sex differences.
  • Altered eversion-TIR coupling during specific stance phases may contribute to AKP.
  • Distinct kinematic strategies exist between sexes during running gait.