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Systems physiology in dairy cattle: nutritional genomics and beyond
Juan J Loor1, Massimo Bionaz, James K Drackley
1Department of Animal Sciences and.
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
|November 12, 2014
Summary
Omics technologies and bioinformatics tools are revolutionizing dairy cattle research. Integrative systems physiology advances our understanding of complex adaptations in dairy cows, particularly during critical life stages like calving.
Area of Science:
- Dairy cattle biosciences
- Systems physiology
- Omics technology
Background:
- Microarray development enables holistic study of cells and tissues.
- Omics technology (sequencing, proteomics) has grown in dairy cattle biosciences over the past decade.
- Omics applications span nutritional physiology, reproduction, and immunology in dairy cattle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the role of bioinformatics and omics in dairy cattle systems physiology.
- To discuss the application of integrative systems physiology in understanding dairy cattle adaptations.
- To showcase advancements in studying periparturient dairy cattle physiology.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing omics technologies (microarrays, next-generation sequencing, proteomics).
- Employing bioinformatics tools for data analysis.
- Applying integrative systems physiology approaches.
Main Results:
- Omics and bioinformatics are key components of the systems physiology toolbox.
- Systems physiology allows study of interactions between conditions and biological functions.
- Integrative systems physiology has advanced knowledge of simultaneous adaptations in liver, adipose, and mammary tissue in periparturient dairy cattle.
Conclusions:
- Omics technologies and bioinformatics are essential for modern dairy cattle research.
- Integrative systems physiology provides a framework for understanding complex physiological changes.
- This approach enhances our understanding of dairy cattle health and productivity, especially during transitions like pregnancy to lactation.
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