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Related Concept Videos

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cell Migration01:19

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

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The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
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Ablation of the D1 Dopamine Receptor Alters the Migration and the Cortical Distribution of MGE-Derived Inhibitory Interneurons by a Preponderant Non-Cell-Autonomous Effect.

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The ciliary kinesin KIF7 controls the development of the cerebral cortex by acting differentially on SHH signaling in dorsal and ventral forebrain.

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PAK3 activation promotes the tangential to radial migration switch of cortical interneurons by increasing leading process dynamics and disrupting cell polarity.

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YIF1B mutations cause a post-natal neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with Golgi and primary cilium alterations.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Migratory Behavior of Cells Generated in Ganglionic Eminence Cultures
06:34

Migratory Behavior of Cells Generated in Ganglionic Eminence Cultures

Published on: April 21, 2011

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[Cilia and neuronal migrations].

Christine Métin1

  • 1Institut du Fer à moulin, Inserm UMRS 839, université Pierre et Marie Curie, 17, rue du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France.

Medecine Sciences : M/S
|November 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The primary cilium, a cellular antenna, guides migrating neurons. This cellular structure is crucial for directing neuronal migration and reorientation during brain development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Primary cilia were first observed on migrating fibroblasts, aligning with their migration direction.
  • The presence of primary cilia on neural progenitors and neurons is known, but their role in migrating cortical interneurons is a recent discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of primary cilia in the migration and reorientation of cortical interneurons.
  • To understand how the primary cilium influences interneuron positioning within the developing cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Observational studies on migrating cortical interneurons.
  • Analysis of primary cilium orientation relative to migration direction.
  • Investigating the influence of signaling molecules like Shh on ciliary function.

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Ex Utero Electroporation and Organotypic Slice Cultures of Embryonic Mouse Brains for Live-Imaging of Migrating GABAergic Interneurons
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Time-lapse Imaging of Neuroblast Migration in Acute Slices of the Adult Mouse Forebrain
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

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Migratory Behavior of Cells Generated in Ganglionic Eminence Cultures

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Ex Utero Electroporation and Organotypic Slice Cultures of Embryonic Mouse Brains for Live-Imaging of Migrating GABAergic Interneurons
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Main Results:

  • Primary cilia are present on migrating cortical interneurons and are oriented parallel to their migration path.
  • The primary cilium directs the migration and reorientation of interneurons towards the cortical plate.
  • Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is involved in Shh-mediated interneuron reorientation.

Conclusions:

  • The primary cilium acts as a crucial director of cortical interneuron migration.
  • Ciliary guidance is essential for proper neuronal positioning during cortical development.
  • Interplay between primary cilia and morphogens like Shh regulates neuronal pathfinding.