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Sclerochoroidal calcification: idiopathic or associated with systemic disease?
Eric W Lindstedt1, L Ingeborgh van den Born, Marc Veckeneer
1From The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, The Netherlands.
Retinal Cases & Brief Reports
|November 13, 2014
Summary
Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification is a rare condition. Evaluating patients for renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes is crucial due to associated cardiovascular risks.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcification is a rare condition.
- Its etiology is often unknown, but can be associated with systemic disorders.
- It may be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with sclerochoroidal calcification.
- To screen for primary renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes in these patients.
Main Methods:
- Case history of a patient with hypercalcemia and sclerochoroidal calcification.
- Evaluation of seven additional patients with sclerochoroidal calcification.
- Assessment of calcium-phosphorus metabolism and screening for specific renal syndromes.
Main Results:
- One patient had sclerochoroidal calcification and primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma.
- No other patients met criteria for primary renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes or had significant calcium-phosphorus metabolism issues.
- Two patients had a history of kidney stones, and two had a history of arthritis.
Conclusions:
- Excluding primary renal tubular hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis syndromes (e.g., Bartter, Gitelman) is important for patients with sclerochoroidal calcification.
- These syndromes increase cardiovascular morbidity risk, particularly during anesthesia.
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