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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
Published on: December 17, 2021
Multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis in a patient with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex
Riyaz Bhikoo1, Rob Bevan, Joanne Sims
1*Department of Ophthalmology, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand †Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
Purpose:
The authors present a case of multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis secondary to disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS.
Method:
Case report and review of relevant literature.
Results:
A 48-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus was admitted for the work up of abdominal pain, fevers, and weight loss. She was noncompliant with antiretroviral therapy with a CD4 count of 30 × 10/L. She reported bilateral reduction in vision with corrected acuities of 6/18 in the right eye and 6/36 in the left eye. Bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with multifocal choroiditis was present. A vitreous biopsy of the left eye confirmed Mycobacterium avium complex, also identified on mycobacterium blood cultures. She was started on oral azithromycin and ethambutol, and after 6 months, her corrected acuities were 6/9 in the right eye bilaterally with an improvement in uveitis and choroiditis.
Conclusion:
Mycobacterium avium complex infection should be considered as a cause of visual impairment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS. Early detection and prompt management are essential for the prevention of visual and other systemic complications.
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