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Leukotriene E4 release in cold urticaria.

N H Maltby1, P W Ind, R C Causon

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London, U.K.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
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Cold urticaria, a rare condition, involves abnormal skin reactions to cold. This study found increased leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and histamine in patients experiencing cold-induced hives, suggesting their role in cold urticaria pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Cold urticaria is a rare condition causing hives upon cold exposure.
  • Lipid mediators are suspected in cold urticaria's development.
  • Cysteinyl-leukotrienes are potential inflammatory mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cold urticaria and cysteinyl-leukotriene release.
  • To measure leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and histamine levels in cold-challenged patients.

Main Methods:

  • Five patients with cold urticaria underwent a cold challenge.
  • Blood samples were collected from the cold-challenged site.
  • Concentrations of Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and histamine were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Three symptomatic patients showed increased LTE4 and histamine levels post-challenge.
  • Non-responding patients did not exhibit elevated LTE4 or histamine.
  • This suggests a correlation between cold urticaria symptoms and mediator release.

Conclusions:

  • The inflammatory response in cold urticaria is linked to the release of LTE4 and histamine.
  • These mediators may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cold urticaria.
  • Further research into leukotriene antagonists could be beneficial for treatment.