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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Evaluating the Function of the Foot Core System in the Elderly
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The Relationship Between Accessory Navicular and Flat Foot: A Radiologic Study.

Hoon Park1, Jin Ho Hwang, Joon Oh Seo

  • 1*Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea †Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|November 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Accessory navicular (AN) is linked to flat foot radiographic changes, but the severity of flat foot does not correlate with AN symptoms. This study explored the AN-flat foot relationship and symptom association.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Podiatry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Accessory navicular (AN) is a common foot anomaly.
  • The relationship between AN and flat foot (pes planus) requires further investigation.
  • Understanding this association may clarify symptom development in AN patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the radiographic relationship between accessory navicular and flat foot.
  • To evaluate if flat foot characteristics correlate with symptoms in patients with AN.

Main Methods:

  • 196 patients with AN and 46 controls underwent weight-bearing foot radiography.
  • Seven radiographic indices were measured to assess foot alignment and arch height.
  • AN patients were subgrouped into asymptomatic, symptomatic (non-operative), and symptomatic (post-operative).

Main Results:

  • Patients with AN exhibited radiographic features indicative of flat foot, including reduced calcaneal pitch and increased talonavicular coverage angle.
  • No significant radiographic differences were observed between symptomatic and asymptomatic AN groups.
  • Surgical status (bone excision) did not correlate with radiographic findings.

Conclusions:

  • Accessory navicular is associated with radiographic signs of flat foot.
  • The degree of radiographic flat foot does not appear to influence the presence or severity of symptoms in individuals with accessory navicular.