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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Fluorescence Lifetime Macro Imager for Biomedical Applications
Published on: April 7, 2023
"On-off-on" switchable sensor: a fluorescent spiropyran responds to extreme pH conditions and its bioimaging
Shulin Wan1, Yang Zheng, Jie Shen
1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029, China.
Abstract:
A novel spiropyran that responds to both extreme acid and extreme alkali and has an "on-off-on" switch is reported. Benzoic acid at the indole N-position and carboxyl group at the indole 6-position contribute to the extreme acid response. The ionizations of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups cause the extreme alkali response. Moreover, the fluorescent imaging in bacterial cells under extreme pH conditions supports the mechanism of pH response.
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