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"Light-cone" dynamics after quantum quenches in spin chains.

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|November 15, 2014
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Quantum quench dynamics reveal that signal propagation velocity in the spin-1/2 Heisenberg XXZ chain depends on excess energy, not initial state. This finding offers insights into nonequilibrium quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems
  • Quantum Information

Background:

  • Investigating signal propagation in nonequilibrium quantum systems after quantum quenches is a key area of research.
  • Understanding the factors determining characteristic propagation velocities is crucial for characterizing quantum dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore principles governing signal propagation velocity after quantum quenches.
  • To investigate how quench properties influence propagation velocity in the spin-1/2 Heisenberg XXZ chain.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized matrix product state methods to analyze quenches.
  • Studied a class of quench protocols from various initial thermal density matrices to a common final Hamiltonian.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant variations in spreading velocities based on the initial density matrix.
  • Achieved a striking data collapse when plotting spreading velocity against excess energy.
  • Demonstrated that propagation velocity is a function of excess energy.

Conclusions:

  • The characteristic propagation velocity in the studied XXZ chain system is primarily determined by the excess energy of the quench.
  • An explanation for the observed velocities is provided using the concept of excitations within a generalized Gibbs ensemble, leveraging the integrability of the XXZ chain.