Follow-up study of implants with turned or oxidized surfaces placed after sinus augmentation

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Oral Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Sinus elevation procedures with autologous bone grafting are common for maxillary implant placement.
• Delayed implant placement is often employed in conjunction with these procedures.
• The surface characteristics of endosseous implants may influence long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare long-term survival and clinical outcomes of endosseous implants with turned versus oxidized surfaces.
• To evaluate peri-implant soft tissue conditions, marginal bone level, apical bone level, and sinus health.
• To assess outcomes following sinus elevation, autologous bone grafting, and delayed implant placement.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of patients undergoing sinus elevation and autologous bone grafting received delayed placement of either turned or oxidized surface implants.
• Implant survival, pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), marginal bone level (MBL), and apical bone level (ABL) were assessed.
• Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) evaluated intrasinus conditions and ABL; intraoral radiographs measured MBL.

Main Results:

• No significant differences were observed between turned and oxidized implant surfaces regarding PD, BoP, MBL, or ABL after a mean 10-year follow-up.
• Implant survival rates were high for both surface types.
• Fourteen percent of patients showed radiographic signs of sinus pathology, unrelated to implant outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Delayed placement of turned or oxidized implants following maxillary sinus floor grafting yields comparable high long-term survival rates.
• Both implant surface types demonstrate stable marginal and apical bone levels and favorable peri-implant soft tissue health.
• Sinus pathology did not adversely affect implant survival or clinical parameters in this study.