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    Sole community pharmacies, vital in rural areas, are closing. This impacts access to medications and healthcare, particularly when no other clinical providers are nearby. Policy actions are needed to address these closures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Services Research
    • Rural Health Policy
    • Pharmacy Practice

    Background:

    • Retail pharmacies are crucial for rural healthcare access, often being the sole source of pharmaceutical services.
    • The closure of a sole community pharmacy can eliminate the only accessible clinical provider in a rural area.
    • This loss can significantly reduce access to prescription and over-the-counter medications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document the closure of sole community pharmacies, particularly those where the pharmacist was the only clinical provider.
    • To describe the characteristics of affected rural communities and the closing pharmacies.
    • To inform potential policy interventions aimed at mitigating the impact of pharmacy closures.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of pharmacy closure data between May 1, 2006, and October 31, 2010.
    • Identification of sole community pharmacies and those in communities with no other clinical providers.
    • Characterization of rural communities using Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) scores.

    Main Results:

    • 119 sole community pharmacies closed during the study period.
    • 31 of these closures occurred in rural communities lacking any other health professionals.
    • In 16 states, communities lost their sole pharmacy with no other pharmacy within a 10-mile driving distance.

    Conclusions:

    • The closure of sole community pharmacies disproportionately affects rural populations, exacerbating healthcare access issues.
    • A significant percentage of closures in provider-scarce areas were in remote rural locations (RUCA score ≥ 10).
    • Findings underscore the need for policies to ensure the viability of rural pharmacies and maintain healthcare access.