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Resting-state functional connectivity in anterior cingulate cortex in normal aging.

Weifang Cao1, Cheng Luo1, Bin Zhu1

  • 1The Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|November 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Older adults show altered brain connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) compared to younger adults. These changes in functional connectivity (FC) may explain cognitive changes and emotional well-being during aging.

Keywords:
aginganterior cingulate cortexfMRIfunctional connectivityresting state

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Normal aging is characterized by cognitive decline alongside preserved emotional well-being.
  • The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a crucial role in both emotional and cognitive functions.
  • Understanding brain alterations in aging is vital for addressing age-related cognitive and emotional changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) between rostral (rACC) and dorsal (dACC) ACC subregions in older versus younger adults.
  • To explore how altered FC in ACC subregions relates to cognitive function and emotional regulation in aging.
  • To identify potential neural mechanisms underlying cognitive and emotional changes in the aging brain.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) was analyzed in 30 healthy older adults and 33 healthy younger adults.
  • The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was functionally parcellated into rostral (rACC) and dorsal (dACC) subregions based on FC profiles.
  • FC patterns between ACC subregions and other brain areas were compared between the age groups.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited increased FC between rACC and the anterior insula, suggesting recruitment of proximal dACC regions for salient responses.
  • Increased FC was observed between rACC and the superior temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus in older adults.
  • Older adults showed decreased integration between rACC and the default mode network, and reduced dACC connectivity with the hippocampus and thalamus.

Conclusions:

  • Altered functional connectivity in rACC and dACC subregions indicates brain reorganization in aging.
  • These connectivity changes may underlie both preserved emotional regulation and cognitive decline observed in older adults.
  • The findings offer insights into the functional neural substrates of aging-related cognitive and emotional alterations.