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Controlling quantum-dot light absorption and emission by a surface-plasmon field.

Danhong Huang, Michelle Easter, Godfrey Gumbs

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    |November 18, 2014
    PubMed
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    Researchers explored controlling optical gain and photon conversion using surface plasmons near quantum dots. This study reveals a strongly-coupled nonlinear system enabling optical transistor-like control for advanced optical computing and communications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Plasmonics
    • Nanophotonics

    Background:

    • Surface-plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) offer unique near-field interactions with quantum emitters.
    • Controlling optical gain and absorption in quantum dots (QDs) is crucial for photonic devices.
    • Nonlinear optical phenomena in coupled QD-metal nanostructures are of significant interest.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the control of optical gain, absorption, and photon conversion in a QD-metal system via SPP near fields.
    • To explore the nonlinear optical response of a QD strongly coupled to an SPP.
    • To demonstrate a mechanism for mediated photon-photon interaction analogous to optical transistor gating.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical exploration of a quantum dot positioned above a metal surface.
    • Analysis of optical gain, absorption, and spontaneous emission spectra in the nonlinear regime.
    • Modeling the interference effects between the SPP field and emitted light from the QD.

    Main Results:

    • Observation of induced optical gain and absorption control not present in the linear response.
    • A triply-split spontaneous emission peak due to strong coupling and field interference.
    • Demonstration of nonlinear behavior leading to photon-photon interaction control.

    Conclusions:

    • Strong coupling between a QD and SPP near fields enables nonlinear control of optical properties.
    • The observed photon-photon interaction control mimics optical transistor gating.
    • Potential applications include ultra-fast optical interconnects, enhanced fiber-optic communications, optical digital computers, and quantum communications.