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People with mental illness experience microaggressions from friends, family, and authority figures, leading to isolation and impacting treatment. Understanding these subtle slights is crucial for mental health care.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Sciences
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Microaggressions are subtle, disparaging communications targeting marginalized groups.
  • Previous research documented microaggressions' impact on racial/ethnic minorities, women, LGBTQ+ individuals, and people with disabilities.
  • No prior studies explored microaggressions experienced by individuals with mental illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature and impact of microaggressions on individuals with mental illnesses.
  • To identify common themes and perpetrators of microaggressions in this population.
  • To understand the consequences of microaggressions on mental health and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative data collected from 4 focus groups.
  • Participants included adult mental health consumers and college students with mental illness diagnoses.
  • Transcripts analyzed using open coding to identify hierarchical themes.

Main Results:

  • Five major themes emerged: invalidation, assumption of inferiority, fear, shaming, and second-class citizenship.
  • Perpetrators were often close friends, family, and authority figures.
  • Participants reported more overt discrimination than subtle microaggressions, leading to isolation, negative emotions, and treatment nonadherence.

Conclusions:

  • Microaggressions have significant implications for mental health treatment, even when perpetrators are unaware.
  • Experiences with microaggressions, especially within close relationships, may foster internalized stigma.
  • Future research should explore the motivations behind perpetrating microaggressions against individuals with mental illness.