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Published on: March 4, 2017
[Experience of fluconazole in pediatric patients]
Abstract:
Fluconazole is a triazole agent and possesses a potent antifungal activity against fungi such as Candida, Cryptococcus and Aspergillus. Fluconazole is well absorbed following oral administration and shows bioavailability almost comparable to that attained in intravenous administration. The serum half-life is as long as about 30 hours and distributed widely into organs and tissues. Because of these it is expected to exhibit good clinical efficacy in the deep-seated mycosis. We evaluated the efficacy of fluconazole given orally to 3 pediatric patients with deep mycosis and also with aim of evaluating its prophylactic effect, gave fluconazole to 4 patients who had high risks of mycotic infections. Pathogenic fungi isolated from the 3 patients with mycosis were all Candida albicans and diagnoses made were Candida pneumonia, oral candidiasis and gastrointestinal candidiasis. Clinical efficacies were judged to be good in all of the 3 patients and C. albicans were found eradicated following the treatment. In the 4 patients to whom fluconazole was given prophylactically, no mycosis developed. Fluconazole was well tolerated and no incidence of side effects or clinical laboratory parameter abnormalities were seen any of the patients involved in the study.
Insights
Fluconazole, a potent antifungal, demonstrated excellent oral efficacy and safety in pediatric patients with deep mycosis. It also proved effective in preventing fungal infections in high-risk children.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Pharmacology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal agent with broad-spectrum activity against Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus.
- Oral fluconazole exhibits high bioavailability, comparable to intravenous administration, with a long serum half-life of approximately 30 hours.
- Wide distribution into organs and tissues suggests potential efficacy in treating deep-seated mycoses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral fluconazole in pediatric patients with deep mycosis.
- To assess the prophylactic effect of fluconazole in high-risk pediatric patients susceptible to fungal infections.
Main Methods:
- Oral fluconazole was administered to 3 pediatric patients diagnosed with deep mycosis (Candida pneumonia, oral candidiasis, gastrointestinal candidiasis).
- Fluconazole was given prophylactically to 4 pediatric patients at high risk for mycotic infections.
- Efficacy was assessed based on clinical outcomes and eradication of Candida albicans.
Main Results:
- All 3 patients with deep mycosis showed good clinical efficacy, with eradication of Candida albicans.
- None of the 4 patients receiving prophylactic fluconazole developed mycosis.
- Fluconazole was well-tolerated, with no observed side effects or abnormalities in clinical laboratory parameters.
Conclusions:
- Oral fluconazole is an effective and safe treatment option for deep mycosis in pediatric patients.
- Fluconazole demonstrates significant prophylactic value in preventing fungal infections in high-risk pediatric populations.
- The favorable pharmacokinetic profile and safety of fluconazole support its use in pediatric antifungal therapy.
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