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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes
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MicroRNA-9 controls dendritic development by targeting REST.

Sebastian A Giusti1, Annette M Vogl1, Marisa M Brockmann1

  • 1Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.

Elife
|November 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression. This study reveals that miR-9 controls dendritic growth and synaptic transmission in vivo, essential for brain development.

Keywords:
RESTdendrite developmentmiR-9miR-9 reportermiR-9 spongemouseneuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key posttranscriptional gene regulators.
  • miR-9 is abundant in the brain, but its role in neuronal development is unclear.
  • Understanding miR-9's function is crucial for neural development research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of miR-9 in dendritic and synaptic development in vivo.
  • To develop a tool for spatio-temporal control of miR-9 activity.
  • To identify downstream targets of miR-9 in neuronal development.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a transgenic miRNA sponge mouse line for conditional miR-9 inactivation.
  • In vivo analysis of dendritic growth and synaptic transmission.
  • Investigation of miR-9's effect on the transcriptional repressor REST.

Main Results:

  • miR-9 was found to control dendritic growth in vivo.
  • Synaptic transmission was shown to be regulated by miR-9.
  • miR-9-mediated downregulation of REST is critical for dendritic development.

Conclusions:

  • miR-9 plays a vital role in regulating dendritic growth and synaptic transmission.
  • The transcriptional repressor REST is a key downstream target of miR-9 in this process.
  • Conditional inactivation of miR-9 provides a novel approach to study its function in vivo.