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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
Published on: November 9, 2016
An update on the use of botulinum toxin therapy in Parkinson's disease
Reversa Mills1, Laxman Bahroo, Fernando Pagan
1Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Hospital, 3900 Reservoir Rd, NW, 7 PHC, Washington, DC, 20007, USA, reversa.mills@gunet.georgetown.edu.
Abstract:
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has gained widespread use in a variety of neurological conditions. Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder manifested by motor and non-motor symptoms that can cause significant disability. BoNT has been used to effectively treat a variety of symptoms related to Parkinson's disease. This review will examine the current therapeutic indications of BoNT use in the following disorders related to Parkinson's disease: cervical dystonia, blepharospasm and lid apraxia, focal hand dystonia, foot dystonia, laryngeal dystonia, oromandibular dystonia, camptocormia, hand and jaw tremor, sialorrhea, hyperhidrosis, dysphagia, constipation, and overactive bladder.
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