Vancomycin containing PLLA/β-TCP controls experimental osteomyelitis in vivo

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Implant-related osteomyelitis (IRO) presents challenges for conventional treatments.
• Local antibiotic delivery systems show promise for managing IRO.
• In vivo efficacy of these systems requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate vancomycin-containing poly-l-lactic acid/β-tricalcium phosphate (V-PLLA/β-TCP) composites.
• To assess their ability to control experimental IRO in vivo.
• To determine their efficacy in promoting bone healing.

Main Methods:

• Experimental IRO was induced in rat tibiae using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and titanium particles.
• Rats were divided into five groups, receiving vancomycin-free PLLA/β-TCP, V-PLLA/β-TCP, coated V-PLLA/β-TCP (CV-PLLA/β-TCP), or sham operations.
• Radiological, histological, and microbiological assessments were performed at 1 and 6 weeks.

Main Results:

• V-PLLA/β-TCP and CV-PLLA/β-TCP composites successfully resolved IRO, with no MRSA detection.
• Radiological scores improved significantly in the V-PLLA/β-TCP group compared to controls.
• Histological scores indicated improved bone healing in the V-PLLA/β-TCP and CV-PLLA/β-TCP groups.

Conclusions:

• Vancomycin-loaded PLLA/β-TCP composites effectively controlled experimental IRO.
• These composites demonstrated potential for promoting bone healing in infected sites.
• The findings suggest clinical relevance for treating implant-related bone infections.