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Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Mass Analyzers: Overview

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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
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Rectangular ion funnel: a new ion funnel interface for structures for lossless ion manipulations.

Tsung-Chi Chen1, Ian K Webb, Spencer A Prost

  • 1Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, Washington 99352, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 20, 2014
PubMed
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A new rectangular ion funnel (RIF) seamlessly interfaces with Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations (SLIM). This innovation enhances sensitivity and stability in mass spectrometry, improving ion mobility separations and gas-phase reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Instrumental Analysis

Background:

  • Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations (SLIM) enable efficient ion handling in subatmospheric pressure regions.
  • Conventional ion optics can cause ion losses when interfacing with SLIM systems.
  • Improved ion transmission is crucial for applications like ion mobility separations and gas-phase reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel rectangular ion funnel (RIF) for seamless integration with SLIM.
  • To optimize RIF operating parameters for efficient ion transfer and enhanced SLIM stability.
  • To assess the RIF's performance in terms of sensitivity and ion discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Ion simulations were performed to evaluate the RIF design.
  • The RIF was fabricated using printed circuit board technology.
  • Experimental testing involved integrating the RIF with a SLIM-time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry system.

Main Results:

  • The RIF demonstrated a 2-fold increase in sensitivity.
  • The RIF showed no significant ion discrimination over a wide mass-to-charge (m/z) range.
  • Greatly improved operational stability of the SLIM system was achieved with the RIF interface.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RIF provides an effective interface for SLIM systems, minimizing ion losses.
  • The RIF enhances overall system sensitivity and stability for mass spectrometry applications.
  • This advancement facilitates more robust ion mobility separations and gas-phase reaction studies.