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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

3.8K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

The Use of Mixed Reality in Custom-Made Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A First Case Report
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Design evolution in total knee replacement: which is the future?

A Causero1, P Di Benedetto, A Beltrame

  • 1Clinic of Orthopedic, Academic Hospital of Udine, Italy. dibenedetto.paolo@aoud.sanita.fvg.it.

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|November 21, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Total knee replacement (TKR) has advanced significantly over 40 years. Future TKR designs aim for easier implantation, precision, and better imitation of natural knee function for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Total knee replacement (TKR) has undergone substantial evolution over the past four decades.
  • Improvements have focused on enhancing implant longevity and restoring joint function.
  • Increasing life expectancy and risk factors are driving a rise in TKR demand.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the historical design evolution of total knee arthroplasty.
  • To examine materials development in TKR implants.
  • To discuss future directions and innovations in TKR design.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of TKR procedures and prosthetic designs.
  • Comparative analysis of different TKR implant designs over time.
  • Discussion of recent innovations, including computer-aided design (CAD).

Main Results:

  • TKR designs have progressed to improve implant lifespan and joint function.
  • Future designs must address anatomic congruence, range of motion, wear resistance, and load-bearing capacity.
  • CAD is a key innovation for achieving more precise and anatomically integrated TKR.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of TKR focuses on meeting increasing demand and improving functional outcomes.
  • Future TKR designs will prioritize natural knee characteristics and integration with patient's biological structures.
  • Advancements in design and materials are crucial for the next generation of total knee replacements.