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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Delayed auditory pathway maturation and prematurity.

Martin Koenighofer1, Thomas Parzefall, Reinhard Ramsebner

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria, martin.koenighofer@medunwien.ac.at.

Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift
|November 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Congenital hearing loss in preterm infants may resolve spontaneously. One case showed complete hearing normalization within 14 months, highlighting the potential for auditory system development post-birth.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neonatology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory disorder impacting quality of life.
  • Congenital hearing impairment is a significant concern in preterm infants.
  • Preterm birth is a risk factor for nonsyndromic hearing loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate auditory development in preterm infants with congenital hearing impairment.
  • To investigate the potential for spontaneous hearing improvement in this population.
  • To document cases of delayed auditory pathway maturation.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of six preterm infants (25-35 weeks gestation) with congenital hearing loss.
  • Auditory assessments included otoacoustic emissions, tympanometry, and brainstem-evoked response audiometry.
  • Genetic testing was performed; hearing aids were used, with one cochlear implant.

Main Results:

  • One infant (32 weeks gestation) showed initial 70 dB hearing loss with absent otoacoustic emissions.
  • Following hearing aid treatment, this infant experienced gradual bilateral hearing improvement.
  • Complete hearing normalization occurred by 14 months, with developing otoacoustic emissions.

Conclusions:

  • This study documents a rare case of delayed auditory pathway maturation and hearing normalization in a preterm infant.
  • Postpartum auditory system development should be considered in managing preterm infants with hearing impairment.
  • Early intervention with hearing aids may support auditory development in preterm neonates.