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Thyroid circadian timing: roles in physiology and thyroid malignancies
Jacques Philippe1, Charna Dibner2
1Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Journal of Biological Rhythms
|November 21, 2014
Summary
The body's internal circadian clock regulates thyroid function and hormone levels. This review explores the molecular mechanisms linking circadian rhythms to thyroid gland health and disease.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Chronobiology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The circadian clock is a fundamental biological mechanism influencing organismal physiology.
- Circadian rhythms govern endocrine functions, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis.
- While HPT axis hormone profiles are known, molecular regulation by the circadian system is less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current findings on circadian regulation of thyroid gland function.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HPT axis circadian control.
- To explore the connection between circadian clock alterations and thyroid cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on circadian rhythms and thyroid function.
- Analysis of molecular components of the human thyroid circadian oscillator.
- Examination of research linking clock gene dysfunction to thyroid malignancy.
Main Results:
- Circadian oscillators intricately regulate thyroid gland function.
- Specific molecular components of the human thyroid clock are identified.
- Disruptions in the circadian clockwork show potential links to thyroid cancer development.
Conclusions:
- The circadian system plays a crucial role in maintaining thyroid homeostasis.
- Understanding the molecular clockwork in the thyroid is vital for comprehending its function and pathology.
- Circadian disruption may represent a risk factor or contributor to thyroid malignant transformation.
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