The antiviral activity of dideoxycytidine

2',3'-Dideoxycytidine (ddc) is a 2',3'-dideoxypyrimidine nucleotide which has been shown to be active against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cell cultures. This article reviews some of the laboratory studies with this antiviral compound, and available pharmacokinetic and toxicity data from phase 1 studies of ddc alone and in alternation with zidovudine in patients with AIDS and ARC. Though ddc has potent activity against HIV-1 in vitro, serious toxic effects seen in phase 1 studies warrant continuation of trials to explore lower dosage regimens, alternation with zidovudine and intermittent therapy.