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Updated: Apr 20, 2026
Surgical Correction for Pediatric Epiblepharon and Trichiasis
Published on: July 8, 2025
Long-term surgical outcomes of infantile-onset esotropia in preterm patients compared with full-term patients
1Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Insights
Surgical outcomes for infantile esotropia in preterm infants are favorable with reduced surgical doses. Preterm infants showed a greater surgical dose-response compared to full-term infants.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Strabismus Surgery
Background:
- Infantile-onset esotropia affects both preterm and full-term infants.
- Surgical management strategies may need adjustment for preterm infants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare surgical outcomes in preterm versus full-term infants with infantile-onset esotropia.
- To evaluate the impact of reduced surgical extent in very preterm infants.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 56 preterm and 162 full-term infants undergoing strabismus surgery.
- Reduced surgical dose by 0.5 mm per muscle for preterm infants born before 30 weeks gestation.
- Comparison of surgical success, overcorrection, undercorrection, and dose-response.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in surgical success or undercorrection rates between groups.
- Higher final overcorrection rate observed in preterm infants (p=0.019).
- Greater surgical dose-response in preterm infants (4.40 PD/mm) compared to full-term infants (3.99 PD/mm).
Conclusions:
- Mildly reduced surgical doses yield favorable outcomes in preterm infants with infantile esotropia.
- Preterm infants exhibit a significantly greater surgical dose-response.
Background/Aims:
To compare surgical outcomes between preterm and full-term patients with infantile-onset esotropia.
Methods:
This study included 56 preterm and 162 full-term patients with infantile-onset esotropia who underwent strabismus surgery. The extent of surgery was reduced by 0.5 mm per muscle in preterm patients who were born at <30 weeks of gestation. Surgical outcomes over time, including surgical success, overcorrection rate, undercorrection rate and surgical dose-response were compared between preterm and full-term patients.
Results:
The Cox proportional hazards regression model and competing risk analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the rate of surgical success or undercorrection over time between preterm and full-term patients. However, the final overcorrection rate was greater in preterm children than in full-term children (p=0.019). The average surgical dose-response was 3.99 prism dioptres (PD)/mm in full-term children and 4.40 PD/mm in preterm children.
Conclusions:
The results of this study showed a favourable outcome using a mildly reduced amount of surgery in preterm patients with infantile-onset esotropia. Surgical dose-response was significantly greater in preterm patients than in full-term patients.
