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Effects of temperature on consumer-resource interactions.

Priyanga Amarasekare1

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.

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Temperature impacts consumer-resource dynamics. Warming can increase or decrease population oscillations based on how resource reproduction and self-limitation are affected by temperature, with new metrics predicting these effects.

Keywords:
consumer–resource interactionsectothermintraspecific competitionlife‐history traitstemperature variation

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Population Dynamics
  • Climate Change Biology

Background:

  • Consumer-resource interactions are fundamental to ecosystems.
  • Temperature variation significantly influences these interactions, but its precise effects on population dynamics remain debated.
  • Previous models yielded conflicting predictions regarding warming's impact on population oscillations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a unified consumer-resource model to resolve conflicting predictions on temperature effects.
  • To investigate how unimodal vs. monotonic temperature responses in resource birth rates affect interaction persistence.
  • To analyze how temperature-dependent intraspecific competition influences population oscillations under warming.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel consumer-resource model integrating various temperature dependencies.
  • Analyzed the impact of unimodal resource birth rates on interaction persistence limits.
  • Compared temperature effects on self-limitation and their consequences for population oscillations.
  • Derived empirically quantifiable metrics for predicting temperature effects on consumer viability and oscillations.

Main Results:

  • Interaction persistence is determined by resource reproduction temperature limits when birth rates are unimodal, contrary to previous models.
  • Warming's effect on oscillations depends on intraspecific competition: monotonic self-limitation decreases oscillations, while optimal-temperature-dependent self-limitation can increase them.
  • New metrics accurately predict temperature limits for consumer persistence and oscillations, validated with host-parasitoid data.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature effects on resource traits, not solely consumer traits, dictate interaction persistence under warming.
  • The nature of intraspecific competition under varying temperatures is crucial for predicting population oscillation changes.
  • Empirically validated metrics offer a practical tool for forecasting climate change impacts on ecological interactions in diverse settings.