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[Occupational tuberculosis in Slovakia and in the Czech Republic]
Summary
Occupational tuberculosis (TB) incidence is decreasing in the Slovak Republic and Czech Republic, particularly in healthcare. Continued surveillance and adherence to barrier practices are vital to minimize TB risks in healthcare settings.
Area of Science:
- Occupational health
- Epidemiology
- Public health
Background:
- Occupational tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant risk, especially in healthcare settings.
- Monitoring trends in at-risk employees and reported cases is crucial for public health.
- Cross-border comparisons aid in understanding regional TB epidemiology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze 15-year trends in occupational TB risk and incidence in the Slovak Republic, focusing on the healthcare sector.
- To compare occupational TB data between the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic.
- To identify high-risk groups and geographical areas for occupational TB.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of employee risk data (1998-2012) from the Slovak Republic's Automated Risk Classification System.
- Review of occupational TB case data from Slovak and Czech health statistics.
- Descriptive statistical analysis of reported TB cases, stratified by ICD-10 codes and occupational disease lists.
Main Results:
- Employee risk for occupational TB decreased by 30% in Slovakia and 40% in the healthcare sector (Q).
- Incidence of occupational TB showed a downward trend in both countries, with respiratory TB being most common.
- Females, particularly nurses, represented the majority of occupational TB cases, with higher incidence in the Slovak Republic (0.22/100,000) than in the Czech Republic (0.13/100,000) in 2012.
Conclusions:
- Occupational TB incidence is declining in both Slovakia and the Czech Republic, mirroring general TB trends.
- Continued epidemiological surveillance and strict adherence to barrier nursing practices in healthcare are essential.
- Migration and the need for early, controlled treatment for active TB cases are important considerations for future prevention strategies.
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