Management of gingival black triangles

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Periodontology
• Aesthetic Dentistry

Background:

• Gingival black triangles (GBTs) are frequently perceived as aesthetically undesirable.
• Their occurrence is multifactorial, necessitating diverse management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the surgical and non-surgical management options for gingival black triangles.
• To highlight the importance of considering available treatments for lost interdental papilla.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of surgical interventions for soft tissue and alveolar bone reconstruction.
• Overview of non-surgical approaches including restorative techniques, orthodontic movement, and tissue engineering.

Main Results:

• Surgical methods focus on recontouring, preserving, or reconstructing interdental papilla and alveolar bone.
• Non-surgical options encompass prostheses, gingival-colored materials, orthodontic movement, tissue engineering, and volumizers.

Conclusions:

• A range of treatment options exist for managing gingival black triangles.
• There is a noted lack of longitudinal studies evaluating the long-term efficacy of GBT management strategies.