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Defining fat necrosis in plastic surgery.

Ajit Rao1, Pierre B Saadeh

  • 1New York, N.Y. From Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; and the Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center and School of Medicine.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fat necrosis, a complication in plastic surgery, lacks a clear definition. This review proposes a standardized definition and classification system for fat necrosis to improve clinical consistency and decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Fat necrosis is an increasingly reported complication in plastic surgery procedures like free tissue transfer and fat grafting.
  • Current literature lacks a consensus on the definition and classification of fat necrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on fat necrosis in plastic surgery.
  • To propose a standardized definition and classification system for fat necrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using PubMed and Google Scholar (2003-2013).
  • Keywords: "fat necrosis" and "plastic surgery".

Main Results:

  • Sixty-nine articles were included in the review.
  • Significant variation exists in the definition, size criteria, postoperative timing, and diagnostic workup for fat necrosis.
  • Diagnostic methods included clinical examination, radiographic studies, and histopathologic examination.

Conclusions:

  • A uniform definition of fat necrosis is needed in plastic surgery literature.
  • Proposed definition: palpable, discrete, persistent subcutaneous firmness ≥ 1 cm on physical examination.
  • A proposed classification system can guide clinical decision-making for fat necrosis severity.