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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

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Atopic Glaucoma: Clinical and Pathophysiological Analysis.

Kanae Takakuwa¹, Teruhiko Hamanaka, Kazuhiko Mori

¹*Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine †Department of Ophthalmology, Japan Red Cross Society Medical Centre, Tokyo ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto §Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Journal of Glaucoma

|November 22, 2014

Summary

Atopic glaucoma, linked to severe eczema, presents unique challenges. Research suggests elevated inflammatory cytokines and abnormal trabecular meshwork fibers, supporting its classification as a distinct clinical entity.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Dermatology
Immunology

Background:

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with ocular complications.
Open-angle glaucoma in AD patients (atopic glaucoma) is often severe and treatment-resistant due to ocular surface and eyelid inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the clinical characteristics and pathological findings of atopic glaucoma.
To establish the validity of atopic glaucoma as a distinct clinical entity.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 45 cases (62 eyes) of atopic glaucoma.
Analysis of aqueous humor and trabeculectomy specimens obtained during surgery.
Multiplex cytokine assay of aqueous humor and histological analysis of surgical specimens.

Main Results:

Atopic glaucoma frequently co-occurred with atopic cataracts and retinal detachments.
Elevated levels of IL-8 and CCL2 inflammatory cytokines were found in aqueous humor.
Histological analysis revealed abnormal fiber accumulation in the trabecular meshwork of atopic glaucoma patients.

Conclusions:

Atopic glaucoma exhibits distinct pathological features, including specific cytokine profiles and trabecular meshwork abnormalities.
The findings support the classification of atopic glaucoma as a unique clinical entity.
Atopic glaucoma should be recognized as a significant ocular complication of atopic dermatitis.