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Longitudinal Research

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

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Updated: Apr 20, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

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Published on: January 21, 2020

Telomere length attrition and chronic periodontitis: an ARIC Study nested case-control study.

Anne E Sanders¹, Kimon Divaris, Supawadee Naorungroj

¹Department of Dental Ecology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

|November 25, 2014

Summary

Accelerated leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening was not associated with severe chronic periodontitis over six years. LTL shortening rates were similar in cases and controls, suggesting earlier life course origins.

Keywords:

cell ageing epidemiology health status disparities oral health telomere shortening

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Area of Science:

Biogerontology
Periodontology
Genetics

Background:

Telomeres, protective caps on chromosomes, shorten with age.
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is a biomarker of cellular aging.
Chronic periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting oral health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between the rate of LTL shortening and severe chronic periodontitis.
To determine if accelerated LTL shortening predicts severe chronic periodontitis development.

Main Methods:

Nested case-control study design within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort.
Participants included 178 cases with severe chronic periodontitis and 178 controls.
LTL measured using quantitative PCR at two time points, 6 years apart; analyzed with multiple linear regression.

Main Results:

Cases had significantly shorter LTL at baseline and follow-up compared to controls.
A significant net reduction in LTL was observed over the 6-year study period.
The rate of LTL shortening did not differ significantly between severe chronic periodontitis cases and controls.

Conclusions:

The rate of leukocyte telomere length shortening is similar in individuals with and without severe chronic periodontitis.
These findings suggest that LTL shortening associated with chronic periodontitis may originate earlier in life.
LTL shortening is not a predictor of severe chronic periodontitis development over a 6-year period.